Journeys to narcostates and military landscapes

I want to bring to your attention two new and exciting items…

First, I recently filed this OpEd for DomusWeb, the website sibling of Italian architecture magazine Domus. In the piece, I imagine what I might do on an itinerary to El Paso, Texas. I have been to El Paso before very briefly on my way to California. Of late, some commentators and urban experts have hailed El Paso as a model of a new American urbanism, and in this piece, I treat that model as a series of misleading abstractions that conceal a highly corrupt and profitable narcopolitics. Here is a pull-quote:

What San Francisco was once to the world across the Pacific Ocean, El Paso is to the adjacent Ciudad Juárez and the southern world beyond: a fortified golden gate. It appears that El Paso has outlandishly benefited from controlling one of the hardened valves through which globalization flows. Besides, El Paso is not a “mid-size city,” as the census and (Joel) Kotkin mis-categorize it, once understood, as one should, as the swankier side of a much larger, transnational urban entity intrinsically tied to booming Juárez as its adjacent industrial labor zone. Small wonder that El Paso has created ancillary jobs faster than the slumping average. While Juárez consumes itself in a civil war over control of the border ingress point, El Paso’s business establishment is busy marketing the city as the “safest big city” in the United States. For wealthier Mexicans, El Paso is a short charter flight away for a day of shopping, bypassing the violence.

In the spirit of bushy-tailed California politicians visiting Texas for enlightenment, I imagined what I would put on an itinerary in order to explore the distinctly Texan urban visions that El Paso amasses in all of its volatile mixture of deregulation, paranoia, religiosity, and fossil burning.

Read more at Domus!

Second, my collaborator Nick Sowers and I are going to offer a walking tour in the Marin Headlands as part of a Sunday program called Desire Trails. Nick and I are two-thirds of a group called Demilit that we started along with Bryan Finoki, aka Subtopia. Demilit is a little bit over a year old, but we already have a good track record and have been exhilarated to be working together. This is what we promise to do on September 25th, 2011:

DEMILIT has crafted a walk soundtrack out of a series of audio recordings taken from current organizations with leases in the Headlands. The auditory accompaniment intends to reveal some of the least noticed ways in which the military past infiltrates the present, particularly in the repair and reproduction of nature. A dispersed forest megaphone. Sousveillant recordings. Discussions archived in vibrations of leaves. A voice that lingers forever in the bowels of missile silos.

The event is totally free, which we love doing. There will be an additional organic meal after the walk which is optional and will be served at the Headland’s mess hall, a kitchen with a stellar cooking reputation. We look forward to meeting you and discussing our work further! Checkout the whole lineup of artists offering tours, RSVP for the walk, and to order a ticket for the lunch.

Dangers in the Air: Aerosol Architecture and Invisible Landscapes

It was a long and arduous process, but a short post on this blog slowly grew and morphed (with the expert supervision of editor John Knechtel) into an article for Alphabet City: Air, which comes out this month.

Places / Design Observer, led by its stellar editor, Nancy Levinson, ran an excerpt of it today. I’m indebted to Nancy for making the shorter piece into a clear read, but any errors or confusions are my very own! The image to the left comes from In The Air by Nerea Calvillo and collaborators at the Medialab Prado, discussed in the piece. This project served as the trigger for thinking about particles as architectural materials. Check it out on Design Observer and order your copy of Alphabet City, a wonderful alternative publication!

I have a new article out in MASContext: Information. The issue looks fantastic; check it out!

Architecture Beyond Environment

Latest writing appears in AD Territory: Architecture Beyond Environment. More info posted on Archinect.

Architecture Beyond Environment. Edited by David Gissen

In/un-stable domesticity

For your clippings files, my friends: a recent news item I wrote for Frame Magazine on “Stability”, a work by Alex Schweder and Ward Shelley, reflecting “the tradition of experimental performances-cum-architectural interventions that revolve around making changes to daily life.”

Vieques, Puerto Rico paper

Quick note to log that I have uploaded a PDF of my article on “Vieques, Puerto Rico: From Devastation to Conservation and Back Again”, published in Traditional Dwellings and Settlements Review. It’s old but I was just re-reading it as I prepare a fellowship application, and realized that given the current Puerto Rico government’s drive to commodify all that the military has constructed as pristine tropical nature, especially at the site of Roosevelt Roads, there could be some newfound interest. Besides, it’s been published for so long that it’s time that it show up on the web. Here it is:  17.1 TDSR_Arbonafinal

• Citation Info:

Arbona, Javier. “Vieques, Puerto Rico: From Devastation to Conservation and Back Again.” Traditional Dwellings and Settlements Review. Volume XVII, Number 1. 2005. (Berkeley: The International Association for the Study of Traditional Environments.)

From the Bezoar of the Belly

A Bezoar is “a mass found trapped in the gastrointestinal system,” and as Google Health (who knew?) adds, it’s “swallowed foreign material (usually hair or fiber) that collects in the stomach and fails to pass through the intestines.” It’s also the provisional title I gave to a tumblelog: bezoar.tumblr.com. As the name suggests, this quick and dirty tumblelog (see kottke for clarification of “tumblelog”) collects an amalgam of disparate ephemera that somewhat tangentially relate to my interests, such as the video above. It’s kind of a multimedia mixtape.

I haven’t posted much here lately, but do head over to the Bezoar for lots of interesting stuff. For the curious, things have been a little slow around here while I have been developing an article for an upcoming number of Architectural Design, guest-edited by David Gissen (Spring 2010 issue; Architectural Design, Territory: Architecture Beyond Environment). The article is about the work of François Roche/R&Sie(n), and, broadly, about eco-materialism in architecture as an alternative to sustainability. Just to print a little teaser, one of the early paragraphs reads as follows (note that this might change throughout the editing process):

François Roche’s work fits, albeit uneasily, into the production of a milieu of artists and architects (several featured in this number) united by an inquiry into the contradictions of modern nature: a partly-human artifice upon which we materially depend, extending our being and life, but also foreign and strange, not to mention privatized in myriad forms.[2] (Water systems are the classic example of this). The creations of Roche, along with Stéphanie Lavaux and various other design partners over the years—most recently operating under the “R&Sie(n)” monicker—seesaw between attempts at overcoming alienation (the condition of being expropriated from our own means of laboring in and with the earth), and also heightening it.

Needless to say, I’m excited for this article because it touches upon a lot of subjects I have been interested in the recent past (some of which begin to be addressed in this older post).

In addition, I have been in the process of getting a draft of my dissertation prospectus ready (Yes!). For the heck of it, I’ll share an intro paragraph here. Again, the caveat applies that this is an early draft and could change after my committee takes a whack at it. In this “nutgraph” I am referring to California cities and their proposed or established post-military parks.

In this project I propose that a number of these neo-Picturesque parks overlaid onto former military spaces create a mutually-supporting geography of private economic gain and imperial power. These parks seductively employ symbolic references to military heroism in a purportedly public landscape, situating memories of by-gone place and faux montages of Arcadian nature. This new geography is opportune and opportunistic. The zones I want to study are cleavages where visitors might get the thrill of stumbling upon something that they interpret they weren’t supposed to see—Cold War secrets lost amidst a ruinous landscape, for example—and yet it was planted there for them all along. How ideological landscape features and visitors come to find one another, while boosting private investment, will make up the substance of this study.

Meanwhile, other things are in store, like a book review for Historical Geography. I am also beginning to prepare a summer (yeah, summer!) course for 2010, provisionally titled Cities for Sale: Global Real Estate and Urban Politics (with apologies to Chester Hartman for cribbing from his book City for Sale). Needless to say, the months ahead look pretty busy! Stay tuned for new material… Just add the RSS feed to your reader. New updates will also be announced via Twitter (just ask to follow and I’ll unlock it for you — if you’re not a marketing bot) and, of course, Bezoar…

For now, I’ll leave you with something else from the Bezoar collection: an index of national pride.

Collages for Jen and Juan

A set of collages by Bernice and Javier that they made for tables at Juan Calaf and Jen Soriano’s wedding. These are approx. 5″ x 7″ and were made over the course of two weeks with paper collected during travel in Spain and Puerto Rico.

Vodpod videos no longer available.

[posted with vodpod | suggestion: see the larger res slideshow]

too much blog, too little architecture?

I received a number of interesting comments from folks on the recent Blogitecture panel with Kazys Varnelis and Mark Jarzombek at MIT [slideshow; my own text here on javierest]. Without putting words into their mouths (actual comments to follow in just a moment…), the most common criticism, in my interpretation, is that for all that was potentially powerful about the event, we failed at the same time to sufficiently address what blogs are doing to architectural production, or how they function as a form of architectural production in and of themselves. I can only add as a bit of an ‘out’ that the invitation to the panel asked us to think about the state of criticism and the possibilities for criticism, instead of talking about production. (Whether or not blogging is or ever was a form of “outside” criticism, as the general theme of the MIT HTC forum seemed to suggest, is another matter of debate).

Of course, one could ask what is criticism without the flip side of production? One makes the other (and neither one can be said to come first). Well, part of the problem may be, as I think Kazys Varnelis alluded to in an earlier email, is that it might be too soon to tell how production is changing… On the other hand, as some of the following comments will point to, it’s becoming clear that architecture students, for example, are already reinventing the ways in which ideas, an audience, and design development stack up on each other, altering the traditional chronologies of these processes along the way. Maybe a few practicing architects are doing so as well. In that sense, these comments are right on because theory and criticism are probably changing as we speak, hand in hand with production, and we have to try to get a better sense of how to frame the issue.

These comments are edited down for length, still trying to preserve the integrity of the ideas… And thanks for offering these, folks… Any omissions that would change the general sense of the original thoughts would be my own fault. Added links come from me.

Selections from an email by Enrique Ramirez [a456], on April 12, 2009:

One thing, for certain, it should be said that architecture websites are not “outside” forms of dialogue. Blogs, etc, are architecture production. Blogs do not influence architecture practice. Rather, they are part of it (ask Sam Jacob or Charles Holland). I also wonder if a new type of writing is on the horizon, one that is dictated by the conditions of online production. And on that note, I think more should be said about content. Whereas Mimi Zeiger’s Studio X panels seemed to cover a lot of the tools of online publishing (indexhibit, etc, etc), and the MIT HTC forum was a very significant and successful attempt at theorizing the state of architecture blogging and criticism, more needs to be said about how and why some things are ripe for coverage on blogs.

I say this because many, many of the blogs that I read seem to engage architecture in terms of their spatial qualities, and often not much else. Where’s talk about form, history, production, labor, etc?

Bryan Finoki, Subtopia, wrote on April 23, 2009:

The event only seemed to focus on one aspect of blogging: the consumptive side, and looked too generally I thought at the blogosphere rather broadly on the whole, and didn’t really get into the niche of architectural blogging.

The production side is where I see a lot of value there – people writing their own blogs, bringing in a written layer of self-reflexivity to their design process, learning how to talk about their work and others, thinking about architecture as perhaps it can only exist in written words.

I think this exploration would be far more interesting than the basic critiques of blogs as conduits for relaying other work, and as these popularity contests geared to drive traffic, the tricks and hooks bloggers use to attract readers, and so forth. I thought that critique was trite at this point, cliche criticism, frankly.

What is blogging actually doing for architecture, as a practice, in education (for students, faculty, adminsitraton), as design, as broadening what is often a narrow scope of what and how architecture can be referred to today? Has blogging impacted architectural relevancy on a wider scale? These seemed like questions that never got answered.

From Nam Henderson on April 14, 2009:

As for the impact of the “more accelerated pace of blogging and the production of architecture”, I think within the Archinect school blogs and various non-Archinect thesis blogs one does see a link between the dialogic aspect of blogging, and the end product. In this case though i suppose the question becomes is this any different than the dialogic process within studio. But the blog as studio writ large? And even if so, does this only become interesting once applicable within the actual built realm?

[NB. Elsewhere, see also some running commentary on Archinect… ]

It seems that the fact of the matter is that there is a lot more to learn about the complex networks taking shape somewhere between spaces of production (studio, office, library, etc), blogs, and the human brains that power all these. These inherently are spaces of making and critiquing as part and parcel of each other. As much as I also agree with the above comments, especially with Enrique’s point about the “oneness” of architecture and blogging, we also have to keep in mind that blogs still owe more to a production ideology rooted in Silicon Valley culture than to architecture’s various streams. Where it could get really interesting is if architecture blogs actually started to publish in experimental and markedly different ways from the blogosphere in general – without falling into the trap of making flash graphics, but striving for truly new social relations.

Now, not to suggest that any of the above comments are guilty of the following -because they simply aren’t- ultimately my own fear is that we often get carried away with the boosterism, asserting that any new reconfiguration of the relation between theory and making is a good one or that any free online technology is inherently democratic, and therefore would open up the design process or the politics of building and land use.

My own point in the panel really came down to trying to show that there are real social relations under the surface that often close off opportunity as much as they open it. I’m asking here if it’s even possible to start to know what’s happening to production if we don’t take a step back and understand the social realm in which that production is happening — or how blogging along with social networking of various sorts reshape relations of labor and, therefore, of spaces.

In addition, architecture—as a spatial discipline—is well-poised to examine and understand the kinds of spaces that blogs are producing. Are they actually as democratic as we think? Even if the multitiudes were fully participating (though, are they?), are blogs and such replacing more entrenched spatialities of gender, age, or race divisions?

Maybe these are still some open questions that, if addressed seriously, can expand the current objects of study in architecture which too often focus singularly on stuff like the suburbs, for example, in an atemporal and spatially isolated way, rather than treating these as relational and networked spaces. More important still, let’s address architecture’s rote presentation mechanisms. This last item—the dogmatic conventions of making and representing space—surprisingly have not changed much at all, while the world around them has definitely shifted. (Credit is certainly due there to Architecture for Humanity and its Open Architecture Network, for showing us one alternative model).

Finally, the fact that more and more architecture students now blog in and of itself perhaps is not interesting. What is interesting is the reactionary response this awakens from the academies, which have not allowed things like the vaunted thesis project to actually challenge the discipline with these new tools so far that I have seen. (Maybe it’s no coincidence that some of the more interesting work today is in design interaction departments). One of the only people, at least that I know of, that have realized the fact that architecture’s disciplinary boundaries have to change in this new context (and has also thought about how they might) is Bryan Boyer, who wrote for loudpaper: ” The work of the architect has never been more tied to all the specificities of client, market, place, and politics nor have the concerns of these groups ever been more enmeshed. Each format has its own set of catalytic constraints, biases, and conventions that the architect must work with.” That ‘format’ that Bryan Boyer discusses in the previous post is up for grabs—that much we now know—but have the schools or the established architects actually caught on?

A Reprise of Toshiko Mori

Toshiko Mori recently went to Buffalo, NY, and took part in the opening of the Eleanor and Wilson Greatbatch Pavilion, the visitor’s center at the Darwin Martin House Complex that she and her office designed. [Coverage: Buffalo Rising: TM; Buffalo Rising: A room with a view; Buffalo News; Interior Design]

For this occasion, let me take you back to an interview with Ms Mori that I did about two years ago. It was published and well-illustrated in Entorno #03 (link to covers), a magazine published by el Colegio de Arquitectios y Arquitectos Paisajistas de Puerto Rico (something akin to the architects’ and landscape architects’ association). A PDF used to be available, but the Colegio has moved websites—a typical problem—and didn’t take the old archives with them. This piece was commissioned and edited by Celina Nogueras Cuevas and assistant editor Alfredo Nieves Moreno. I’ve made some minor edits here. Intro is in español and English. The text itself was published in English.

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La arquitecto Toshiko Mori recientemente visitó Puerto Rico y dictó una conferencia el 24 de febrero en el auditorio de la Escuela de Arquitectura de la Universidad de Puerto Rico. La cita fue parte del calendario de actividades en celebración del cuadragésimo aniversario de la Escuela. Mori es Fellow del AIA desde el 2005 y dirige el Departamento de Arquitectura en la Universidad de Harvard. Visité su despacho en Manhattan para dialogar con ella sobre su obra e investigaciones.

Toshiko Mori recently visited Puerto Rico and gave a conference on February 24, 2006, at the School of Architecture, University of Puerto Rico. The date was part of a calendar of events celebrating the school’s fortieth anniversary. Mori is a Fellow of the AIA since 2005 and formerly chaired the Department of Architecture at Harvard University’s Design School.

En medio del bullicio de las firmas célebres y los proyectos aparentemente cada vez más arriesgados formalmente, Toshiko Mori practica una arquitectura comedida y a veces hasta etérea, cuando un contexto parece reclamarlo. Quizás por eso ha tenido la fortuna de recibir comisiones en algunos de los sitios más intimidantes pero apremiantes, ya sea por su vulnerabilidad ecológica o su legado construido. Por ejemplo, le ha correspondido diseñar el Centro de Visitantes para la casa Martin de Frank Lloyd Wright en Buffalo, Nueva York. En su charla, describió ese proyecto como “diminutivo pero monumental,” aunque así mismo podría estar hablando de varios edificios suyos.

In the midst of the celebrated firms and projects seemingly more and more risqué in terms of form, Toshiko Mori practices architecture that seems restrained and even ethereal, especially when a context seems to really call for that. Perhaps for this reason she has had the good fortune of receiving commissions in some sites that would seem most intimidating—but also rewarding—be it for their ecological precariousness or their built legacy. For example, she took on the Visitor’s Center for the Frank Lloyd Wright Martin house in Buffalo, NY. In her talk she described this project as “small but monumental” (she could have been referring to many of her projects).

A lo largo de su carrera pedagógica y profesional, Toshiko Mori ha buscado enraizar sus criterios arquitectónicos—la pureza de la línea, la liviandad visual, el anclaje en el entorno, el comportamiento térmico de la obra—con una investigación rigurosa en las propiedades de materiales, especialmente aquellos sintéticos. El resultado es un corpus fiel a sus antepasados modernistas como Edward Larabee Barnes y simultáneamente un trabajo fresco, distinto y atrevido. Con ese tema abrimos nuestra conversación.

Throughout her career in education and practice, Toshiko Mori has sought to tie her architectural concerns—the purity of the line, visual lightness, contextual anchoring, thermal performance—with a rigorous investigation into the properties of materials, especially synthetic ones. The result is a body of work that is faithful to her mentors like Edward Larabee Barnes and also fresh, different, and daring. With this topic we opened our conversation.

Javier Arbona: I know that you worked for Barnes and for Isamu Noguchi. There you have two ends of a spectrum, but both very modern. On one end, very rational and on the other hand, more intuitive and sort of sensual ways of working with material. I want to ask you to respond to that and do you see it in your work with materials.

Toshiko Mori: Edward Larabee Barnes, whom I worked for, is a really classic modernist. Now I teach at Harvard but I never studied there, but it really is a Walter Gropius tradition of more of a European—classic—European modernism. Gropius, Breuer coming in here, doing all this, more box-like; very rational and very clean. It’s actually…It’s interesting; someone that I studied with and I taught with, John Hejduk in Cooper Union, was also at Harvard. And then he has a more intuitive, more poetic approach—direct—but there is a sort of rigor about tectonics, really, that comes from that particular tradition. And then I worked for Noguchi…I was at architecture school, a student.

JA: When you were at Cooper Union…

TM: Yeah. And then I was doing drawings or models. He would do sketches, and site plan and he shared an office with Bucky Fuller. They had a company called Noguchi Fountain and Plaza, Inc. They would go and try to get large public projects together. It’s an interesting studio. It’s actually artists and visionary architects…much more technology-oriented. Bucky Fuller was really not interested in natural materials because he thought there were limits. Whereas Noguchi, of course, was totally reaching into the potential and rediscovering potential in natural materials. So you see Bucky Fuller’s inventions, it really is all about (the) artificial and all about going beyond the limit of materiality. Very theoretically based. So it was kind of interesting to see these polar opposites having an office together. And then someone like Barnes is more of a rationalist but he was also very sensitive to climate. Not necessarily more of a classical modernist like (Philip) Johnson who was interested in the form itself and more of a formal approach to modernism. Where he—Barnes—site and climate was very intuitive. So that kind of variety in different modernist positions was very interesting to me. Continue reading

“Blogitecture: Architecture on the Internet.”

Kazys Varnelis and I will be presenting on: “The state and influence of architectural criticism in an age of digital networks” at MIT. I’m really looking forward to this event. Stay tuned to our blogs… I’m sure there will be some chatter about our thoughts as this discussion approaches.

Revisit “The Known World”

cover

Way back in, oh, 2007, which  seems like ages and ages ago in web years, I reviewed a book for the Urban Design Review published by the Forum for Urban Design. The piece was about the now-classic (at least I would say it is) Else/Where:Mapping; New Cartographies of Networks and Territories (from UMN Press). Former Senior-Editor Geoff Manaugh commissioned the review and it was a pleasure to collaborate with him, as usual. In the stream between reviewer to various editors, a few things got lost and if you have yourself a copy of the Spring 2007 UDR, you would have a final print that I was not so happy with. Ex-Editor-In-Chief David Haskell, who no longer is with the Forum either, was kind enough to post a revision on the Forum’s website. Now that all that seems to have mutated into a new website iteration and a new cadre of people, the review is lost forever, I fear. Until now! I’ll repost it here because I, for one, was really impressed with the book and I think many of the ideas discussed are still relevant—if not moreso—in the current era of Google phones, Twitter, radical cartography, etc.

Continue reading